In the event of a road accident connected to one’s behaviour, every road user has an immediate obligation to stop. Leaving the scene without stopping is never allowed, even if the driver believes they are not responsible. In addition to stopping, it is mandatory to provide assistance to anyone who may have been injured, within one’s possibilities. This may include calling emergency services, securing the area, and helping injured persons without worsening their condition.
All persons involved must also take every measure necessary to ensure traffic safety. For example, they should warn other road users of danger and try to prevent further accidents. At the same time, they must avoid changing the condition of the scene or disturbing evidence, since this is important for determining responsibility.
If the accident results only in property damage and no injuries, drivers must still try to avoid obstructing traffic. In practice, if vehicles can be moved safely, they should be removed from the roadway. When police arrive, they may order the immediate removal of obstacles, after carrying out urgent checks.
In all cases, drivers must provide their personal details and any useful information to the injured parties, including for compensation purposes. If the injured persons are not present, the information must still be communicated in any possible way, such as leaving contact details.
The consequences for failing to comply with these obligations are severe. If a person does not stop after an accident involving only property damage, an administrative fine is applied and, in more serious cases, the driving licence may be suspended. If the accident involves injuries and the driver does not stop, it becomes a criminal offence punishable by imprisonment and licence suspension.
An even more serious situation occurs when the driver stops but fails to provide assistance to injured persons. In this case, a heavier criminal penalty applies, including imprisonment and a longer suspension of the driving licence. For the theory exam, it is essential to remember that the duty to assist exists regardless of fault: even a driver who did not cause the accident must help.
The law also provides a more favourable situation for those who behave correctly. A driver who stops, provides assistance, and immediately makes themselves available to the judicial authorities is not subject to arrest in cases of negligent personal injury. Additionally, a driver who reports to the authorities within twenty-four hours may avoid some of the harsher consequences.
Failure to comply with obligations related to traffic safety, removal of obstacles, or exchange of information leads to administrative penalties. Even in the absence of injuries, these duties are important for ensuring safety and proper handling of the accident.
A specific rule also applies to animals. If an accident causes injury to one or more animals, such as pets, livestock, or protected species, the driver must stop and take action to ensure prompt assistance. Failure to do so results in a significant fine. Other persons involved must also cooperate to ensure that help is provided.
For exam preparation, it is essential to understand the three key duties in case of an accident: stop, secure the situation, and provide assistance. Failing to comply with even one of these obligations can lead to serious administrative and criminal consequences.
🔗 Read the official text of Art. 189 on the ACI portal (Italian)
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